The transportation has been the most important facility for the societies in both commercial and military aspects. In terms of military; new lands and new routes have been conquered and the borders have been protected by roads. The unattainable regions have remained backward and become an open door for the enemies. And the trade has been supported by the roads. Products have been transported and sold from one district to another. Welfare of the societies has increased with the power of the transportation they have established. Topography is the most significant fact for establishment of the transportation system. On the other hand, the transportation in the past was not getting the target in the fastest way but was in the safest way.  Accordingly, major routes, established with the experience of travelers, have been used several times.  This paper overviews important roads used in Anatolia in the 16th century as well as the “Pilgrimage Road” and buildings constructed on it.